Let me first acquaint the unfamiliar readers with this prominent issue on debate in the United States of America - Pro-life vs Pro-choice. Pro-life campaigners demand that abortions and assisted suicides be made illegal. Pro-choice people say that the abortion and assisted suicide should be matters of personal choice. Abortion of a baby up to 22 weeks of pregnancy is legal in most states in USA and so I guess the 'pro-life' lobby, as they call themselves (implying that the other side is 'anti-life'), should tend to be more aggressive than the 'pro-choice' side. So we hear of abortion clinic bombings; that was my introduction to the issue and it of course put me off, as it always does when people presume to know so well how others should live that they are willing to kill for it. Then, of course, there is the irony: I kill because I am pro-life.
For someone who has spent most of his life in a developing country like India, that is still uncivilized in its savage brutalities, quotidian atrocities on the unfortunate humans have so hardened us that debates about ethics of stem cell research or abortion evoke not the slightest interest. A common response is - Oh give it up! There are far bigger problems in this world than to discuss whether the fertilized egg is human or not. However, a discussion at home triggered some thoughts and I decided to do some research on this. The first resource that I found, discusses the issue in detail. Although it distinctly had a pro-life flavor, I found some of the positions taken are actually reasonable. A second source compares the arguments of both parties side by side in a tabular form.
I have always been pro-choice in all matters since I hate to be told what I am supposed to do and what not to do. So, to me this was a non-issue. Pro-choice, of course. The individual knows what's best for him/her. I knew the basic arguments of pro-life lobby - any human life is sacred, an unborn baby is a distinct individual, and we don't have a right to kill that individual. The argument than shifts to the tricky issue of when exactly the fertilized egg becomes an individual. It is very easy to see the human form of the baby in later stages of pregnancy and, having seen that, say, in a sonogram, it is difficult to feel indifferent towards the fate of the baby. On the other hand, it seems less brutal to abort a fertilized egg within a week of conception. To be clear, the pro-life position is that life begins at conception and so they oppose not only abortion but also the use of morning-after pills.
So is it that the baby becomes an individual (a distinct human life) some time between conception and delivery, or is it the case ever since conception? Pro-choice perspective is that the baby is dependent on the mother inside the womb and so can not be treated as an individual; therefore, the mother should be the one to make decisions about her body. Pro-life campaigns argue that the baby is an individual and has sensations independent of the mother. The debate on this is really one which can go on and on at philosophical, religious, and scientific fronts. The articles mentioned previously have discussed much on this and the interested reader may refer to the main arguments of both sides.
When confronted with the issue, it is very easy to be polarized at one extreme. But a patient look does reveal that both sides have merits of their own and it is not really a clear cut decision. For example, one argument of pro-life campaign is that women choose abortion in many cases because of the pressure of society and the intimidating burden of raising a child alone. They argue that the choice of abortion by women in many cases is not an independent one (and therefore not really a free choice) and it is the duty of the society to make steps to correct that. Thus, it seems that there is hope of a compromise between that two-sides. Its excellent to be pro-choice, but life can be a choice.
After only a little reading, I realize that a debate on the issue is necessary in order to keep the ethics of human life in check. For example, is it okay to prevent the birth of a child that is mentally damaged and will depend on other people all its life? In cases of extreme damage, one can claim that this individual will have a tough, even pathetic, life and will only be a burden on the society. But where and how do we draw the line? Moreover, can we by that logic justify the genocide of physically handicapped individuals as was done quite notoriosly by Hitler. These are questions that can not be settled very easily.
Another difficult to decide case would be of someone dying a slow and painful death and wishing to 'opt out' of life. Is euthanasia justified in such cases? I do lie on the side of choice, again. But I wouldn't scorn those who oppose it. It is relatively easy for me to choose euthanasia when it 'seems right' because I do not really believe in the sanctity of life. My discord arises primarily from the exclusion of other life forms from such beliefs. If life is sacred, all life is. (But it would really be difficult for a lion with 'sanctity of all life' ethics to survive.) Yet laws of our society punish for destroying a human life infinitely more severely than they do in the case of animal life which is sometimes even legal. Nevertheless, I have to concede that such discrimination between human life and other life forms is inevitable, possibly necessary, for amicable existence of the human race. Sanctity of life, whether meaningful or meaningless, is something on which our society and its laws are based. Therefore, it is not entirely without reason that some people believe in, or at least campaign for, sanctity of human life.
It is important to realize that crusaders on both sides are conscientious people who are trying to do what they feel is right. I do scorn at the idea of disallowing stem-cell research, but a lack of opposition to stem cell research would be indicative of a carefree attitude towards ethics. I think its fabulous that there are people who are concerned about what is right and what is wrong, even though they may confuse the right with the wrong (and that doesn't necessarily mean those with whom I disagree).
It is better to deliberate a little and not to reach at conclusions too soon. Finally, I have an occasion to put my new found one liner - You only reach a conclusion when you stop thinking.
For someone who has spent most of his life in a developing country like India, that is still uncivilized in its savage brutalities, quotidian atrocities on the unfortunate humans have so hardened us that debates about ethics of stem cell research or abortion evoke not the slightest interest. A common response is - Oh give it up! There are far bigger problems in this world than to discuss whether the fertilized egg is human or not. However, a discussion at home triggered some thoughts and I decided to do some research on this. The first resource that I found, discusses the issue in detail. Although it distinctly had a pro-life flavor, I found some of the positions taken are actually reasonable. A second source compares the arguments of both parties side by side in a tabular form.
I have always been pro-choice in all matters since I hate to be told what I am supposed to do and what not to do. So, to me this was a non-issue. Pro-choice, of course. The individual knows what's best for him/her. I knew the basic arguments of pro-life lobby - any human life is sacred, an unborn baby is a distinct individual, and we don't have a right to kill that individual. The argument than shifts to the tricky issue of when exactly the fertilized egg becomes an individual. It is very easy to see the human form of the baby in later stages of pregnancy and, having seen that, say, in a sonogram, it is difficult to feel indifferent towards the fate of the baby. On the other hand, it seems less brutal to abort a fertilized egg within a week of conception. To be clear, the pro-life position is that life begins at conception and so they oppose not only abortion but also the use of morning-after pills.
So is it that the baby becomes an individual (a distinct human life) some time between conception and delivery, or is it the case ever since conception? Pro-choice perspective is that the baby is dependent on the mother inside the womb and so can not be treated as an individual; therefore, the mother should be the one to make decisions about her body. Pro-life campaigns argue that the baby is an individual and has sensations independent of the mother. The debate on this is really one which can go on and on at philosophical, religious, and scientific fronts. The articles mentioned previously have discussed much on this and the interested reader may refer to the main arguments of both sides.
When confronted with the issue, it is very easy to be polarized at one extreme. But a patient look does reveal that both sides have merits of their own and it is not really a clear cut decision. For example, one argument of pro-life campaign is that women choose abortion in many cases because of the pressure of society and the intimidating burden of raising a child alone. They argue that the choice of abortion by women in many cases is not an independent one (and therefore not really a free choice) and it is the duty of the society to make steps to correct that. Thus, it seems that there is hope of a compromise between that two-sides. Its excellent to be pro-choice, but life can be a choice.
After only a little reading, I realize that a debate on the issue is necessary in order to keep the ethics of human life in check. For example, is it okay to prevent the birth of a child that is mentally damaged and will depend on other people all its life? In cases of extreme damage, one can claim that this individual will have a tough, even pathetic, life and will only be a burden on the society. But where and how do we draw the line? Moreover, can we by that logic justify the genocide of physically handicapped individuals as was done quite notoriosly by Hitler. These are questions that can not be settled very easily.
Another difficult to decide case would be of someone dying a slow and painful death and wishing to 'opt out' of life. Is euthanasia justified in such cases? I do lie on the side of choice, again. But I wouldn't scorn those who oppose it. It is relatively easy for me to choose euthanasia when it 'seems right' because I do not really believe in the sanctity of life. My discord arises primarily from the exclusion of other life forms from such beliefs. If life is sacred, all life is. (But it would really be difficult for a lion with 'sanctity of all life' ethics to survive.) Yet laws of our society punish for destroying a human life infinitely more severely than they do in the case of animal life which is sometimes even legal. Nevertheless, I have to concede that such discrimination between human life and other life forms is inevitable, possibly necessary, for amicable existence of the human race. Sanctity of life, whether meaningful or meaningless, is something on which our society and its laws are based. Therefore, it is not entirely without reason that some people believe in, or at least campaign for, sanctity of human life.
It is important to realize that crusaders on both sides are conscientious people who are trying to do what they feel is right. I do scorn at the idea of disallowing stem-cell research, but a lack of opposition to stem cell research would be indicative of a carefree attitude towards ethics. I think its fabulous that there are people who are concerned about what is right and what is wrong, even though they may confuse the right with the wrong (and that doesn't necessarily mean those with whom I disagree).
It is better to deliberate a little and not to reach at conclusions too soon. Finally, I have an occasion to put my new found one liner - You only reach a conclusion when you stop thinking.
2 comments:
GOOD ONE!!
wow; this is really interesting and well writen. I'm actually in the process of writing a non-fiction and unbiast essay on Pro-life vs Pro choice, and your work is a very helpful source. keep it up! thnx;
Lauren
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